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Psychology Terms A–Z

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Gut-Brain Axis장-뇌 축

The gut-brain axis is a two-way communication pathway between your digestive system (gut) and your brain, using nerve signals, hormones, and immune messages. Your gut health can directly influence your mental health.

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Quality of Life삶의 질

Quality of life refers to how satisfying and fulfilling a person's life is across physical, psychological, and social dimensions. It goes beyond simply the absence of illness to encompass overall well-being.

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Precontemplation Stage숙고 전 단계

This is the stage where a person doesn't yet feel that change is necessary. It refers to a state where someone doesn't recognize a problem or has no intention of changing.

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Health Promotion건강 증진

Health promotion refers to the activities and processes aimed at preventing illness and improving overall well-being. It encompasses a broad range of approaches, from improving individual lifestyle habits to shaping supportive social environments.

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Health Behavior건강 행동

Health behavior refers to any action a person takes to protect, improve, or restore their health. This includes beneficial habits like exercising, eating a balanced diet, and quitting smoking, as well as getting regular medical check-ups.

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Sleep Hygiene수면 위생

Sleep hygiene refers to the lifestyle habits and environmental conditions that promote good, healthy sleep.

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Contemplation Stage숙고 단계

Contemplation Stage is a meaningful concept in psychology that helps us understand ourselves and others better. It's an important part of emotional well-being and personal growth.

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Mind-Body Connection심신 연결

The mind and body are deeply connected — your mental state affects your physical health, and your physical state affects your mental well-being.

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Maintenance Stage유지 단계

This is the stage where a person has consistently sustained changed behavior for more than 6 months. The new behavior is becoming a habit, but ongoing management is still needed.

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Self-Management자기 관리

Self-management is the ability to care for and regulate your own health and lifestyle habits. It's an important concept that applies broadly, from managing chronic illness to handling everyday stress.

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Preparation Stage준비 단계

This is the stage where you make concrete plans to put change into action. It describes the state just before actually doing something — like saying 'I'm going to start next week.'

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Illness Behavior질병 행동

Illness behavior refers to how a person responds and copes when they feel sick or notice something wrong with their body. It includes actions like visiting a doctor, ignoring symptoms, or asking others for help.

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Weight Stigma체중 낙인

Weight stigma refers to the experience of prejudice or discrimination based on a person's weight or body shape. It can have serious effects on mental health, and every person deserves to be respected just as they are.

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Treatment Adherence치료 순응

Treatment adherence means following a doctor's or therapist's instructions — taking medications on time and sticking to the treatment plan. The higher the adherence, the better the treatment outcomes.

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Adherence치료 순응

The extent to which a patient consistently follows an agreed-upon treatment plan, including medication, lifestyle changes, and appointments. A key factor in treatment effectiveness.

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Pain Management통증 관리

Pain management refers to psychological and medical approaches that help reduce pain and maintain daily functioning. Pain can be addressed not only through medication but also through the power of the mind.

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Action Stage행동 단계

The fourth stage of the Transtheoretical Model in which a person is actively making observable behavioral changes, typically within the first six months.

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Sick Role환자 역할

The sick role describes the behavioral patterns society expects when someone is ill, along with the special rights and responsibilities that come with being a patient. It shows how illness affects not only the individual but also their social relationships.

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Health Belief Model건강 신념 모델

A psychological model that explains why people do or don't take health-related actions. It suggests that behavior depends on how people perceive the risks of illness and the benefits of taking action.

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Health Behavior Change건강 행동 변화

Health behavior change refers to the process of modifying lifestyle habits to improve well-being. It is a field that studies the psychological processes involved in adopting and maintaining healthy behaviors such as quitting smoking, starting exercise, or improving diet.

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adjusting to chronic illness만성 질환 적응

The emotional and practical process of learning to live with a long-term health condition.

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Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change)변화 단계 모델

A model that explains the process of behavior change through five distinct stages. It shows that change doesn't happen all at once, but progresses step by step.

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Patient Empowerment환자 역량 강화

Patient empowerment is the process of helping patients actively seek information about their own health, participate in decisions, and take charge of their own care. It means becoming an active participant rather than a passive recipient.

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chronic fatigue syndrome만성 피로 증후군

A condition where extreme exhaustion lasts for months and does not improve much even with rest.

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Placebo Effect위약 효과(플라시보)

The placebo effect is when a person experiences real improvement in their symptoms after receiving a fake treatment or sugar pill — simply because they believe it will work.

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Smoking Cessation Psychology금연 심리학

A field that studies the psychological factors involved in quitting smoking and effective strategies for cessation. It reveals that quitting smoking is not simply a matter of willpower, but a process that requires psychological understanding and support.

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cancer and mental health암과 심리학

The emotional side of living with cancer, from diagnosis through treatment, recovery, and fear of recurrence.

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Cognitive Shuffling인지 셔플링

Cognitive shuffling is a sleep technique where you visualize a rapid sequence of random, unrelated images to interrupt anxious thought patterns and ease your brain into sleep.

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Pain Psychology통증 심리학

Pain Psychology is the study of how psychological factors influence the experience of pain. It shows us that our mental state can make pain feel more intense or less intense.

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Substance Use and Health물질 사용과 건강

This field studies how substances like alcohol and drugs affect physical and mental health. It seeks to understand the psychological mechanisms of substance dependence and supports healthy recovery.

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Health Locus of Control건강 통제소재

Health Locus of Control refers to whether you believe your health is determined by your own actions or by external factors. This belief has a significant influence on your health-related behaviors.

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Heart-Mind Connection심장-마음 연결

The Heart-Mind Connection is the concept that cardiovascular health and mental health are deeply intertwined. Stress and depression can affect the heart, while heart disease can in turn bring about emotional difficulties.

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Shinrin-Yoku (Forest Bathing)삼림욕

A Japanese practice of immersing oneself slowly and mindfully in a forest environment, using all senses to absorb nature — with scientifically proven benefits for stress reduction and immune function.

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Nocebo Effect노시보 효과

Even when a treatment has no real side effects, worrying that 'there will be side effects' can cause actual negative symptoms to appear. It is the opposite concept of the placebo effect.

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Insomnia Treatment불면증 치료

Insomnia treatment refers to various approaches for addressing difficulty falling or staying asleep. Psychological interventions, not just medication, are highly effective for this condition.

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Embodied Cognition체화된 인지

Embodied Cognition is the theory that our thoughts and emotions are not created by the brain alone, but are fundamentally shaped by the experiences and sensations of the entire body. It views the body as an integral part of the mind.

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Preventive Health Behavior예방적 건강 행동

Preventive health behavior refers to actions taken to protect and maintain your health before illness occurs. This includes vaccinations, regular check-ups, exercise, and balanced eating.

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Social Jet Lag사회적 시차증

Social jet lag is the chronic misalignment between your biological sleep schedule and your social schedule, causing fatigue similar to crossing time zones every week.

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Surgery and Psychology수술과 심리학

This field studies how a patient's psychological state before and after surgery affects surgical outcomes and recovery. It's a compassionate discipline that addresses surgical anxiety and helps patients prepare mentally.

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Social Determinants of Health건강의 사회적 결정요인

This concept explains how social conditions like income, education, housing, and employment influence a person's health. It shows that individual health is deeply connected to the social environment in which people live.

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Diabetes and Mental Health당뇨와 정신건강

Diabetes can have a major impact not only on blood sugar management but also on mental well-being. Since people with diabetes experience depression and anxiety at higher rates, caring for both body and mind together is essential.

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caregiver stress돌봄자 스트레스

The emotional, physical, and mental strain that can build up while taking care of a family member or loved one.

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Obesity and Mental Health비만과 정신건강

Obesity and mental health are deeply connected. Depression or stress can trigger overeating, and weight gain can lead back to lowered self-esteem and depression, creating a vicious cycle.

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Sleep and Mental Health수면과 정신건강

This field studies how the quality and quantity of sleep profoundly affects our mental health. It reveals the warm truth that sleeping well is the foundation of emotional well-being.

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Nutrition and Mental Health영양과 정신건강

This is a field of research showing that the food we eat affects our mood, cognitive function, and mental health. A healthy diet can support emotional well-being too.

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Exercise and Mental Health운동과 정신건강

Research consistently shows that regular physical exercise is effective at reducing depression, anxiety, and stress while improving overall mental health.

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Pregnancy and Mental Health임신과 정신건강

This field addresses the wide range of emotional changes and mental health challenges that can arise during pregnancy and the period surrounding childbirth. Appropriate support for conditions like prenatal and postpartum depression is critically important.

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Menopause and Mental Health폐경과 정신건강

Hormonal changes during menopause can affect emotional stability. Depression, anxiety, and sleep problems may arise, making appropriate support and understanding essential.

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Fibromyalgia섬유근통

A chronic pain condition characterized by widespread pain throughout the body, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Stress and psychological factors have a significant impact on symptoms.

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Mind-Body Medicine심신의학

A medical approach based on the principle that the mind and body mutually influence each other. It includes methods such as meditation, yoga, and breathing techniques that use the mind to promote physical health.

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