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Psychology Terms A–Z

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Work Addiction일 중독

Work addiction refers to a state where compulsive preoccupation with work causes health, relationships, and life balance to break down. Unlike simply working hard, the core issue is a loss of control — an inability to stop working.

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Craving갈망

An intense urge or desire for a particular substance or behavior.

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Rage격분

Rage refers to an intensely powerful and explosive feeling of anger that becomes difficult to control.

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Withdrawal금단

Withdrawal refers to the unpleasant physical and psychological symptoms that appear when a person suddenly reduces or stops using a substance they have become dependent on.

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Tolerance내성

Tolerance is when you need increasingly larger amounts of a substance to get the same effect. It happens as your brain adapts to the substance over repeated use.

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Abstinence단주

The complete cessation of alcohol use. In cases of severe alcohol use disorder, abstinence is often considered the safest treatment goal.

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Lithium리튬

Lithium is the longest-used mood stabilizer for treating bipolar disorder.

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Delusion망상

A delusion is a strong, unshakeable belief that doesn't match reality. It's characterized by the fact that it doesn't easily change even when others try to reason with the person.

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Splitting분열

Splitting is a defense mechanism where a person sees others or situations as entirely good or entirely bad, with no middle ground.

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Delirium섬망

Delirium is a state where consciousness suddenly becomes confused, attention drops, and cognitive function changes rapidly. It commonly appears after physical illness or surgery and can be recovered with appropriate treatment.

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Resentment원한

Resentment is the lingering feeling of anger and injustice that stays in your heart long after you've been treated unfairly or hurt by someone.

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Suspiciousness의심

Suspiciousness refers to an excessive tendency to distrust and be on guard about other people's intentions and actions. Unlike healthy caution, it creates ongoing doubt even in everyday relationships, leaving you feeling unsettled and uneasy.

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Moderation Management절주

An approach to reducing alcohol consumption to a healthy level rather than quitting entirely.

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Mania조증

Mania is a state where mood becomes abnormally elevated, energy surges, and judgment becomes impaired.

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Detoxification해독

Detoxification is the medical process of safely removing drugs or toxins from the body.

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Visual Hallucination환시

A visual hallucination is the experience of seeing something that does not actually exist. Accurate diagnosis is important because there are many possible medical causes.

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Auditory Hallucination환청

Hearing a voice or sound when no actual sound is present.

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Avoidance회피

Avoidance is the conscious or unconscious act of staying away from situations, thoughts, or feelings that cause anxiety or distress. While it reduces discomfort in the short term, it tends to strengthen anxiety over time.

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Emotional Blunting감정 둔화

Emotional blunting refers to a state where you can no longer feel emotions — whether joy or sadness — as vividly as you once did. It's like experiencing your feelings through a filter, making everything seem muted and distant.

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Fear of Rejection거절 공포

Fear of rejection refers to an overwhelming dread of being turned down or not accepted by others. This fear can lead people to hide their true selves in order to avoid the possibility of being rejected.

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Health Anxiety건강 불안

Health anxiety is a state of excessive, persistent worry that you have or will develop a serious illness. Even when medical check-ups come back clear, the anxiety doesn't easily go away.

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Panic Attack공황 발작

A sudden episode of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as a racing heart, difficulty breathing, and a feeling of impending death.

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Rapid Cycling급속 순환

Rapid cycling is a pattern of bipolar disorder where mood episodes (manic/depressive) occur 4 or more times within a year.

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Mood Swings기분 변동

Mood swings are when your emotions rise and fall rapidly and extremely. It's like riding an emotional roller coaster — one moment you feel great, and the next you're suddenly overwhelmed by sadness or anger.

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Climate Anxiety기후 불안

Climate anxiety is a persistent sense of worry or dread about climate change and ecological collapse that begins to affect daily life and emotional wellbeing.

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Gambling Disorder도박 장애

Gambling Disorder is a condition where a person cannot control their gambling, leading to serious financial, social, and psychological problems.

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Speech Anxiety발표 불안

Speech anxiety refers to feeling intense nervousness and fear when speaking or presenting in front of others. It's a natural experience many people share, but if it's interfering with your daily life, support is available.

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Pathological Gambling병적 도박

Pathological gambling refers to a condition where a person cannot control their urge to gamble, causing serious problems across all areas of their life.

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Reward Circuit보상 회로

A neural pathway in the brain that processes pleasure and reward, closely linked to addiction.

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complicated grief복합 애도

A prolonged, intense grief that does not ease over time and makes daily life feel very hard.

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Anger Rumination분노 반추

Anger rumination is the repetitive mental replaying of anger-inducing experiences — replaying them over and over until the anger, rather than fading, actually grows stronger.

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Thought Broadcasting사고 전파

Thought broadcasting is the belief that one's thoughts are being transmitted outward and can be heard or known by other people. It is a form of thought disorder that can appear in schizophrenia and other mental illnesses.

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Thought Insertion사고 주입

Thought insertion is a symptom where a person believes that an outside force or another person is placing thoughts into their mind. It is a form of thought disorder in which foreign thoughts are experienced as being forcibly introduced from an external source.

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Thought Withdrawal사고 철회

Thought Withdrawal is a symptom where a person believes that someone or an external force is stealing their thoughts away. It is a form of thought disorder in which the sudden disappearance of thoughts is explained as outside interference.

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Erotomania색정 망상

Erotomania is a delusional condition in which a person firmly believes that someone else — usually a celebrity or person of high status — is deeply in love with them. It is also known as De Clérambault's Syndrome.

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Eco-Grief생태 슬픔

Eco-grief is the deep sadness and mourning felt in response to the loss of species, ecosystems, and natural environments due to human-caused destruction.

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Fear of Success성공 공포

Fear of success is a state where a person becomes increasingly anxious as they get closer to achieving their goals and unconsciously engages in self-sabotaging behaviors. It stems from fear of the changes, responsibilities, and expectations that success may bring.

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Shopping Addiction쇼핑 중독

A condition where repeatedly buying things impulsively — even when they aren't needed — begins to cause serious problems in daily life.

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Sleep Paralysis수면 마비

Sleep paralysis is a temporary state where you are conscious but completely unable to move your body, occurring just as you are falling asleep or waking up.

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Sleep Anxiety수면 불안

Sleep anxiety is a vicious cycle where worrying about not being able to fall asleep actually makes it even harder to sleep.

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Math Anxiety수학 불안

Math anxiety is an intense feeling of tension and fear that arises when solving math problems or dealing with numbers. It's not about actual math ability — it's a phenomenon where negative emotions about math interfere with performing up to one's true potential.

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Habit Loop습관 고리

The habit loop is a three-stage cycle made up of cue, routine, and reward. It explains how habits are formed and maintained.

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Habit Formation습관 형성

Habit formation is the process by which repeated behaviors become automatic and can be performed without conscious effort.

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Test Anxiety시험 불안

Test anxiety is a state of excessive tension and worry experienced during exams or evaluation situations. It's closely tied to the experience of not being able to perform to your actual ability, even when you've prepared thoroughly.

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Somatic Complaints신체 호소

Somatic complaints occur when psychological distress expresses itself through physical symptoms such as headaches, stomachaches, and fatigue. The body essentially 'speaks' what the mind finds difficult to put into words.

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Fear of Failure실패 공포

Fear of Failure refers to an intense dread of situations where failure is possible, leading a person to avoid new challenges or being unable to even begin. It is also known as Atychiphobia.

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Safety Behavior안전 행동

Safety behaviors are actions we unconsciously take to protect ourselves in anxiety-provoking situations. While they provide short-term relief, they actually maintain and reinforce anxiety over time.

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Drug Dependence약물 의존

Drug dependence is a physical or psychological state in which a person finds it difficult to function normally without a certain substance.

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Positive Symptoms양성 증상

Positive symptoms are experiences that get 'added on' to normal functioning — things like hearing voices or holding false beliefs. They are among the most recognizable features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and tend to respond well to medication.

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Anticipatory Anxiety예기 불안

Anticipatory anxiety is worry and fear about a future event that has not yet occurred. The imagined threat triggers real physiological and emotional distress in the present, often disproportionate to the actual risk.

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