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Psychology Terms A–Z

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Nudge넛지

A nudge is a gentle intervention that steers behavior in a particular direction through environmental design, without restricting freedom of choice.

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Negging네깅

Negging is a manipulation tactic where someone delivers backhanded compliments or subtle put-downs to lower the other person's self-esteem, making them crave the manipulator's approval.

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Benching벤칭

Keeping someone interested without really choosing them or moving the relationship forward.

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Brainwashing세뇌

A coercive process that breaks down a person’s existing beliefs and pushes new ones onto them.

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Intimidation위협

Intimidation is the act of making someone feel fear in order to force them into submission or compliance with one's demands. It is a form of control that uses fear to compel others to act in a desired way.

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Exploitation착취

Exploitation is the act of unfairly taking advantage of another person's weaknesses, goodwill, or vulnerable situation for one's own benefit.

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Emotional Hijacking감정 납치

A manipulation technique where someone deliberately triggers intense emotions in another person to cloud their rational judgment, then exploits that confusion to steer them toward a desired outcome.

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Emotional Manipulation감정 조작

Emotional manipulation is the act of cleverly exploiting another person's feelings to steer them into behaving or thinking in a way that serves the manipulator's own agenda.

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Emotional Exploitation감정 착취

Emotional exploitation is the deliberate act of taking advantage of another person's feelings, empathy, and kindness for personal gain. It involves misusing someone's goodwill and generous nature.

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Isolation Tactics고립 전술

Isolation tactics are strategies used to gradually separate someone from their family, friends, and support network, making them dependent solely on the manipulator. This is one of the most dangerous tools in controlling relationships.

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Fear Mongering공포 조장

Fear mongering is a psychological strategy that manipulates someone's behavior or decision-making by exaggerating or distorting facts to instill excessive fear in them.

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Crowd Psychology군중 심리

The way people think and behave differently when they are part of a large group compared to when they are on their own.

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Future Faking미래 사기

Future faking is a manipulation tactic where someone offers promises or plans for the future they have no intention of fulfilling, in order to keep their partner in the relationship or get what they want in the present.

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Persuasion Techniques설득 기법

Persuasion techniques are psychological strategies and methods used to change another person's attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. They range from honest communication to manipulative tactics that exploit emotional vulnerabilities.

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Loss Aversion손실 회피

Loss aversion is the psychological tendency to feel losses about twice as intensely as equivalent gains. The fear of losing something is far more powerful than the joy of gaining the same thing.

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Mind Games심리 게임

Mind games refer to psychological strategies intentionally used to subtly manipulate another person's emotions or thoughts. They often appear as ordinary conversation or behavior on the surface, but carry a hidden agenda to control the other person's reactions.

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Seduction Tactics유혹 전술

Seduction tactics involve identifying a person's emotional needs and drawing them in through charm and attention as a calculated strategy to achieve one's own goals. Unlike natural attraction, these tactics are deliberate and often manipulative in nature.

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Cult Mentality컬트 심리

A psychological process where someone becomes blindly devoted to a group or leader, gradually losing their ability to think critically.

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Sunk Cost Fallacy매몰 비용 오류

The sunk cost fallacy is the psychological trap of continuing an irrational choice simply because you feel it would be a waste to abandon the time, money, or effort you've already invested.

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Dark Empath다크 엠파스

A personality type that possesses high empathic ability yet uses it as a tool for manipulation to serve their own interests. Rather than using their understanding of others for care and support, they exploit it for personal gain.

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Word Salad말의 샐러드

Word salad is a manipulation tactic where someone deliberately mixes together incoherent, contradictory statements to confuse and disorient you. Recognizing this pattern can go a long way in protecting yourself.

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Baiting미끼 던지기

Baiting is when someone deliberately provokes you to get an emotional reaction they can use against you. The goal is not connection, but control.

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Smear Campaign비방 캠페인

A smear campaign is an organized effort to deliberately damage someone's reputation by spreading false information or distorted narratives. It goes beyond simple gossip — it is a calculated, systematic attack on a person's social credibility.

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Cult Psychology컬트 심리학

The study of how high-control groups use psychological tactics to manipulate and dominate their members.

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Dark Tetrad다크 테트라드

The Dark Tetrad adds everyday sadism to the Dark Triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy), forming four dark personality traits.

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Dark Triad다크 트라이어드

The Dark Triad refers to three dark personality traits grouped together: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. When these three traits appear together, they can lead to harmful behavior in interpersonal relationships.

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Criminal Profiling범죄 프로파일링

A investigative technique that analyzes crime scene evidence and behavioral patterns to build a picture of who the offender might be.

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Social Engineering소셜 엔지니어링

A manipulation technique that exploits people's psychological vulnerabilities to extract information or induce specific actions, targeting human psychology rather than technical systems.

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Sadism가학증

Sadism is the tendency to feel pleasure or satisfaction from the pain or suffering of others, and is considered one element of the Dark Tetrad.

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Psychological Warfare심리전

Psychological warfare refers to strategic actions that attack an opponent's mind to induce fear, confusion, and low morale in order to break their will.

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Information Warfare정보전

A psychological tactic where information is strategically distorted, withheld, or spread to cloud someone's judgment and create a situation favorable to the manipulator.

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Enabler조력자

An enabler is a person who, regardless of their intentions, helps sustain another person's harmful behavior or addiction. Their actions often prevent the other person from facing the consequences of their choices.

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catfishing캣피싱

Pretending to be someone else online in order to gain trust, attention, emotional closeness, or money.

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Hoovering후버링

Hoovering is a manipulative tactic where someone uses various strategies to pull a person who is trying to leave back into a relationship, much like a vacuum sucking things in.

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Intermittent Reinforcement간헐적 강화

A psychological mechanism where rewards or affection are given in unpredictable, irregular patterns, causing the other person to become more intensely attached and dependent on the relationship.

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Emotional Blackmail감정적 협박

Emotional blackmail is a manipulative behavior where someone uses another person's fear, sense of obligation, or guilt to get what they want. It's a form of psychological control that often occurs in close relationships.

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coercive control강압적 통제

A pattern of domination that uses fear, isolation, monitoring, and humiliation to take away another person’s freedom.

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Deception Detection거짓말 탐지

Deception detection is a psychological method of determining whether someone is telling the truth or lying by observing verbal and non-verbal cues.

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Moral Disengagement도덕적 이탈

A psychological process where people justify their own unethical behavior to themselves, allowing them to engage in harmful actions without feeling guilt.

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Divide and Conquer분열과 정복

A manipulation strategy where someone deliberately creates conflict and distrust among people to split them apart, then uses that chaos to strengthen their own influence and control.

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Shaming수치심 주기

Shaming is a form of psychological abuse where someone intentionally makes another person feel deep shame in order to destroy their self-esteem and gain control over them.

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Guilt Induction죄책감 유도

Guilt induction is a manipulation technique where someone intentionally instills feelings of guilt in another person to make them comply with their demands or to control their behavior.

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Predatory Behavior포식적 행동

Predatory behavior is a calculated, goal-oriented pattern of identifying someone's vulnerabilities and deliberately approaching them with the intent to exploit them. Unlike ordinary selfishness, it involves systematically targeting another person for long-term manipulation.

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Victim Mentality피해자 심리

Victim mentality is the psychological tendency to feel like you are always being wronged and to blame external circumstances or others for your problems. Recognizing this pattern in yourself is the very first step toward meaningful change.

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Obedience to Authority권위에 대한 복종

Obedience to authority refers to the psychological tendency to follow instructions from a person in power, even when those instructions are ethically questionable.

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Victim Blaming피해자 탓하기

Victim blaming is the attitude of holding the person who was harmed responsible for what happened to them, inflicting a second layer of pain on top of the original hurt.

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Scapegoating희생양 만들기

Scapegoating is the act of unfairly blaming a specific person for the problems and failures of a group or individual, making them the target of unjust criticism.

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Learned Helplessness Induction학습된 무기력 유도

A psychological manipulation technique that makes someone feel they cannot change their situation no matter how hard they try, gradually leading them to give up on their own efforts.

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Grandiose Narcissism과대한 나르시시즘

A type of narcissism characterized by an inflated sense of being special and superior, combined with a constant need for admiration and recognition from others.

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Vulnerable Narcissism취약한 나르시시즘

A type of narcissism where a person appears outwardly insecure and sensitive, yet internally harbors a strong sense of entitlement and an intense need for recognition.

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