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Health Psychology

Stress-Illness Model

Stress-Illness Model

A theory that stress can cause or worsen physical illness. It provides scientific evidence that mental burden also affects the body.

Details

The Stress-Illness Model is a theoretical framework that explains how psychological stress affects physical health.

Pathways Through Which Stress Causes Illness

  • Direct pathway: Stress → increased cortisol secretion → weakened immunity → illness
  • Indirect pathway: Stress → unhealthy behaviors (drinking, smoking, overeating, sleep deprivation) → increased disease risk
  • Psychological pathway: Stress → depression and anxiety → reduced treatment adherence → worsening of existing illness
  • Related Research

    According to Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) theory, the body's response to stress progresses through an alarm stage → resistance stage → exhaustion stage. When chronic stress reaches the exhaustion stage, physical illness can develop.

    Conditions Influenced by Stress

    A wide range of physical conditions are linked to stress, including cardiovascular disease, digestive disorders, impaired immune function, chronic pain, and skin conditions.

    Prevention and Management

    Mindy here — stress management techniques such as mindfulness, relaxation training, and exercise play an important role in disease prevention and recovery.

    💡 Real-Life Example

    During exam periods, getting frequent colds from stress, or developing stomach problems when workplace stress is severe — both are explained by this model.

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    This content is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical diagnosis.

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