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Understanding the Mind

Law of Effect

Law of Effect

Behaviors that produce satisfying outcomes tend to be repeated, while behaviors that produce unpleasant outcomes tend to decrease. It is a fundamental psychological principle stating that the consequences of a behavior determine its future occurrence.

Details

What is the Law of Effect?

The Law of Effect is a learning principle proposed by psychologist Edward Thorndike in 1898, stating that if the consequences of a behavior are satisfying, that behavior is strengthened; if unpleasant, it is weakened.

Thorndike's Experiment

Thorndike placed a cat in a puzzle box and observed:

  • At first, the cat acted randomly, searching for a way to escape
  • When it accidentally pressed a lever, the door opened and it received food
  • With repeated trials, the time it took to press the lever decreased
  • A satisfying outcome (food) reinforced a specific behavior (pressing the lever)
  • Everyday Applications

    The Law of Effect operates throughout our daily lives:

  • Feeling good after exercise makes you want to exercise again
  • Behaviors that receive praise tend to be repeated
  • A positive experience at a restaurant makes you want to return
  • A failed presentation can lead to avoiding future presentations
  • Significance in Psychology

    The Law of Effect became the foundation for Skinner's theory of operant conditioning. It was the starting point of behavioral psychology, which systematically studies how rewards and punishments influence behavior.

    Connection to Mental Health

  • Praising yourself for small achievements reinforces healthy habits
  • Fear of negative consequences can lead to avoidance behaviors
  • Consciously changing the outcomes of your actions can change your habits
  • A Word from Mindy

    If you accomplished even something small today, give yourself a warm word of praise. That good feeling will become the strength that carries you one step further tomorrow.

    💡 Real-Life Example

    When a child cleans their room and receives praise from their parents, they are more likely to clean on their own next time — this is the Law of Effect in action.

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    This content is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical diagnosis.

    Law of Effect (Law of Effect) | 마음스캔 심리학 용어사전