Dementia

What is Dementia?

Dementia is a broad term for a state in which cognitive functions (memory, language, judgment, executive function, etc.) progressively decline after birth, resulting in impairment in daily functioning. It is not a single disease but a clinical syndrome caused by a variety of underlying causes.

Main Causes

Alzheimer's disease: The most common cause, accounting for 60–70% of all dementia cases.

Vascular dementia: Dementia resulting from cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke.

Lewy body dementia: Accompanied by visual hallucinations and Parkinson's-like symptoms.

Frontotemporal dementia: Characterized by prominent personality changes and behavioral disturbances.

Progression of Symptoms

Early stage: Recent memory loss, difficulty finding words, reduced judgment

Middle stage: Past memories also affected, need for assistance with daily activities, behavioral and psychological symptoms (wandering, aggression, anxiety)

Late stage: Loss of overall cognitive function, physical decline, need for full-time care

Psychological Aspects

Dementia has a profound psychological impact not only on the person diagnosed but also on their family. In the early stages, patients are aware of their own changes and experience anxiety and depression, while family caregivers face chronic stress, burnout, and grief.

Prevention and Management

Regular exercise, social engagement, cognitive stimulation activities, a healthy diet, and management of chronic conditions can reduce the risk of dementia. Early detection and appropriate management can help slow its progression.

If you have concerns about memory or cognitive changes, speaking with a counselor like Mindy can be a helpful first step.